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M. S.
Subbulakshmi
Madurai Shanmukhavadivu
Subbulakshmi (also known as M.S.) was an Indian Carnatic singer from Madurai, Tamil Nadu. She was the first musician ever to be awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour. She is the first
Indian musician to receive the Ramon Magsaysay award, often considered Asia's Nobel
Prize, in 1974 with the citation reading "Exacting purists
acknowledge Srimati M. S. Subbulakshmi as the leading exponent of classical and
semi-classical songs in the carnatic tradition of South India."
Childhood
& Early Life
· Subbulakshmi (Kunjamma to her
family) was born on September 16, 1916 in Madurai, Madras Presidency, India to veena player Shanmukavadiver Ammal
and Subramania Iyer. Her grandmother Akkammal was a violinist.
· She started learning Carnatic music at an early age and trained in Carnatic music
under the tutelage of Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer and subsequently in Hindustani music under Pandit Narayanrao Vyas.
· Her mother, from the devadasi community, was a music exponent and a regular
stage performer, and Subbulakshmi grew up in an environment very conducive to
musical learning. Her musical interests were also shaped by regular
interactions with Karaikudi Sambasiva Iyer, Mazhavarayanendal Subbarama
Bhagavathar and Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar.
· Subbulakshmi gave her first public
performance, at the age of eleven, in the year 1927, in the 100 pillar hall
inside the Rockfort Temple, Tiruchirappalli; with Mysore Chowdiah on the violin and Dakshinamurthy
Pillai on the mridangam. This was organised by the Tiruchirappalli based Indian National Congressleader F. G. Natesa Iyer.
Career
·
In 1936 Subbulakshmi moved to Madras (now Chennai). She also made her film debut
in Sevasadan in 1938. Her debut to the world of cinema
was again opposite F. G. Natesa Iyer: who had introduced her as a
child prodigy to the world of Carnatic music a decade earlier, in Tiruchirappalli.
·
M.S. Subbulakshmi began her Carnatic classical music training
under her mother Shanmugavadivu; and later in Hindustani classical training
under Pandit Narayan Rao Vyas. Subbulakshmi first recording was released when
she was 10 years old.
·
Subbulakshmi gave her first performance at the
prestigious Madras Music Academy in 1929, when she was 13
years old . The performance consisted of singing bhajans (Hindu hymns). The academy was known for its
discriminating selection process, and they broke tradition by inviting a young
girl as a key performer.
·
In 1969 she was accompanied by Indian Railways Advisor
SN Venkata Rao to Rameshwaram, where she famously sang several songs in front
of each idol in the Rameshwaram temple.
·
M.S. also acted in a few Tamil films in her youth. Her first movie, Sevasadanam, was released on 2 May 1938. F.G. Natesa Iyer was the lead actor, opposite
Subbulakshmi, in this film, directed by K. Subramanyam. It was a critical and commercial success.
Major
Work
·
MS Subbulakshmi also played the male role of Narada in "Savitri" (1941) to raise money for
launching Kalki, her husband's nationalist Tamil weekly. Her title
role of the Rajasthani saint-poetess Meera in the eponymous 1945 film gave her national prominence. This movie was
re-made in Hindi in 1947.
·
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru had this to say about M.S.
Subbulakshmi- "Who am I, a mere Prime Minister before a Queen, a Queen of
Music". While Lata Mangeshkar called her Tapaswini (the
Renunciate), Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan termed her Suswaralakshmi (the
goddess of the perfect note), and Kishori Amonkar labelled her the ultimate eighth note or Aathuvaan
Sur, which is above the seven notes basic to all music.
·
The great national leader and poet Sarojini Naidu called her
"Nightingale of India". Her many famous renditions of bhajans include the chanting of Bhaja Govindam, Vishnu sahasranama (1000 names of Vishnu), Hari Tuma Haro and the Venkateswara Suprabhatam (musical hymns to awaken Lord Balaji early in the
morning).
Awards
& Achievements
·
Padma Bhushan in 1954
·
Sangeet Natak
Akademi Award in
1956
·
Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 1968
·
Ramon Magsaysay award (often considered Asia's Nobel Prize) in 1974
·
Padma Vibhushan in 1975
·
Sangeetha Kalasikhamani in 1975 by The Indian Fine Arts Society,
Chennai
·
Kalidas Samman in 1988
·
Indira
Gandhi Award for National Integration in 1990
·
Bharat Ratna in 1998
Personal
Life & Legacy
· She
was honoured as a resident artist [Asthana Vidhwan] of Tirumala
Tirupati Devasthanams. Tirupati Urban Development Authority (TUDA) has
installed a bronze statue of M.S. Subbulakshmi at the Poornakumbham circle in
the temple town. It was unveiled by Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Y. S.
Rajasekhara Reddy on 28 May 2006.
· The
Kancheepuram Saree shade known as MS Blue was named after her by the well
known Congress party member and philanthropist, Sri Muthu Chettiyar when they
met at the residence of Sri R. Aiyadurai and Smt. Thangam Aiyadurai at Lady
Desikachari Road, Madras, who were close friends of MS and Sadasivam.
A commemorative postage stamp on her was issued on
18-December-2005. United Nations decided to issue stamp to mark birth
centenary M.S. Subbulakshmi, She was bestowed with enormous prize moneys
with these awards, most of which she donated to charity. She has given more
than 200 charity concerts and raised well over Rs. 10,000,000.Guruji. A. Sivaguru Swamy
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Mob : +91 - 99633 34337
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