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Sanjay Gandhi
Sanjay Gandhi (14 December 1946 – 23 June
1980) was an Indian politician. He was a family member of the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty. During his lifetime he was
widely expected to succeed his mother, Indira Gandhi as head of the Indian National Congress, but following his early death in
a plane crash his elder brother Rajiv became their mother's
political heir, and succeeded her as Prime Minister of India after her death. Sanjay's
widow Maneka Gandhi and son Varun Gandhi are leading politicians in
the BJP.
Childhood
& Early Life
· Sanjay was born in New
Delhi, on 14 December 1946, as the younger son of Indira
Gandhi,later to be become Prime Minister of India, and Feroze
Gandhi. Like his elder brother Rajiv
Gandhi, Sanjay studied first at Welham Boys' School and then at the Doon
School in Dehra
Dun.
· Sanjay never attended college, but
took up automotive engineering as a career and underwent an apprenticeship
with Rolls-Royce in Crewe, England for three years. He was
very interested in sports cars, and also obtained a pilot's licence. While he
was building a career as an airline pilot, independent of politics, Sanjay
remained close to his mother.
Career
·
In 1971, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's Cabinet
proposed the production of a "People's car": an efficient indigenous
car that middle-class Indians could afford. In June 1971, a company known as
'Maruti Motors Limited' was incorporated under the Companies Act and Sanjay
Gandhi became its Managing Director.
·
While Sanjay had no previous experience, design proposals or
links with any corporation, he was awarded the contract to build the car and
the exclusive production licence. The criticism that followed this decision was
mostly directed at Indira, but the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War and victory over Pakistan
muted the critical voices. The company did not produce any vehicles during his
lifetime. A test model put out as a showpiece to demonstrate progress was
criticized.
·
Public perception turned against Sanjay, and many began to
speculate growing corruption. Sanjay then contacted Volkswagen
AG from West Germany for a possible collaboration, transfer of
technology and joint production of the Indian version of the "People's
Car", to emulate Volkswagen's worldwide success with the Beetle. During the Emergency, Sanjay
became active in politics and the Maruti project went on a back burner.
·
In 1974, the opposition-led protests and strikes had caused a
widespread disturbance in many parts of the country and badly affected the
government and the economy.On 25 June 1975 following an adverse court decision
against her, Indira Gandhi declared a national emergency, delayed elections, censored the
press and suspended some constitutional freedoms in the name of national
security. Non-Congress governments throughout the country were dismissed.
Major
Work
· It was said that during the Emergency, he virtually ran
India along with his friends, especially Bansi Lal. It was also quipped that
Sanjay Gandhi had total control over his mother and that the government was run
by the PMH (Prime Minister House) rather than the PMO (Prime Minister
Office). He "recruited into the party thousands of younger people,
many of them hooligans and ruffians, who used threats and force to intimidate
rivals and those who opposed Mrs Gandhi's authority or his own."
· Sanjay is now chiefly remembered
for the family planning initiative that attracted much notoriety and caused
longterm harm to population control in India.
· Sanjay stood for his first
election to the Indian parliament following the lifting of the
Emergency in March 1977. This election saw the crushing defeat of not only
Sanjay in his constituency of Amethi but also the wiping out of
Indira's Congress party throughout Northern India. However, Sanjay won Amethi
for the Congress(I) in the next general election
held in January 1980.
Personal
Life & Legacy
· Sanjay
Gandhi married Maneka Anand, who was 10 years his junior, in New Delhi in October
1974. Their son, Varun Gandhi, was born shortly before Sanjay's death. Maneka and
Varun Gandhi represent the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
in the Lok Sabha.
· Sanjay
Gandhi died instantly from head wounds in an air crash on 23 June 1980
near Safdarjung Airport in
New Delhi. He was flying a new aircraft of the Delhi Flying club, and,
while performing an aerobatic manoeuvre over
his office, lost control and crashed. The only passenger in the plane, Captain
Subhash Saxena, also died in the crash. Wikileaks has revealed that three
attempts were made on his life before he died in the plane crash.
· Sanjay's
death led his mother to induct her other son Rajiv Gandhi into Indian politics. Upon the assassination of Indira Gandhi,
Rajiv succeeded her as Prime Minister of India. Sanjay's widow Maneka fell out
with her in-laws soon after Sanjay's death and started her own party named
Sanjay Vichar Manch. Maneka served in a number of non-Congress opposition-led
governments over the years.
Guruji. A. Sivaguru Swamy
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Our Bangalore Branch Office :
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Mob : +91 - 99633 34337
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